Practical means to decrease aerial emissions will enhance the ability of the US egg industry to improve environmental stewardship while …
Ammonia gas is one of the most abundant aerial pollutants of modern poultry buildings. The current chronic exposure limit for ammonia of 25 ppm is set for human safety rather than animal welfare. This study assessed the behavioural preferences of laying hens (Gallus gallus domesticus) for different concentrations of ammonia found in commercial poultry houses. …
An observational study was carried out to investigate the level and variation of water input through fresh droppings to the litter in a tiered wire floor aviary housing system from 17 to 30 weeks of age of the hens. The mass balances of droppings (all excreta), manure on the belts and litter on the floor …
Experimental research was carried out with laying hens of 47-60 weeks of age to validate a physical model of the evaporation rate of water from litter in a tiered wire floor aviary system. Variation of the evaporation rate of water from the litter was achieved by varying air velocities above the litter between 0.07 and …
The effects of a litter drying system are reported on the composition of the litter and the emission of ammonia from a tiered wire floor aviary housing system for laying hens. Air velocities above the litter, a mixture of droppings and sand, were increased by means of air that was sucked from the top of …
Poultry farmers in the European Union and especially in Holland have been dealing with environmental legislation for some years already. The most important regulations are the directives 2001/81/EC; National Emission Ceilings for certain pollutants and 96/61/EC; Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control, and the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). These directives state that the emission of ammonia …
The potential for plants to trap NH3 and dust [particulate matter (PM)] discharged from a layer house through the exhaust …
Ammonia emission and nutrient load in outdoor runs oflaying hens were measured at a commercial farm with an outdoor run …
Draft CSR project overview with key messages.
Draft key messages affirming that eggs are one of the highest quality, safest products.
Five draft key messages regarding our environment.
Draft key messages regarding providing choice to consumers.
Five draft key messages regarding the welfare of laying hens.
Five draft key messages regarding feeding our growing population.
Building on the Egg Farmers Care Statement, the attached Key Messages have been developed to assist Country Associations and Companies to promote the positive image of the Egg Industry. These Key Statements were approved by Executive at the IEC Meeting in London 2011 and updated in Venice 2012.
The study was composed of 480 hens housed in furnished 8-hen cages or in conventional 4-hen cages from 17 to …
With the introduction of alternative housing systems for laying hens in the EU, recent research has focussed on the bacterial …
1. The influence of housing system on the initial bacterial contamination of the eggshell was studied. Two long-term experiments were …